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Back to Ebb And Flow
Bibliographical Note
Primary Sources
As is evident in the footnote citations, this volume is based in far the largest part on records, reports, and documents generated in the course of military operations by Army commands and units directly involved in the Korean War. Foremost among these sources are war diaries and command reports. Through November 1950, Army regulations required that involved organizations issue monthly war diaries, these fashioned after the excellent diaries prepared by German Army units during World War II. Thereafter, new Army regulations required the preparation of monthly command reports by United Nations Command-Far East Command headquarters and at each lower command level down to separate battalions. Each war diary lists important developments in a date and time sequence, summarizes the developments, and includes documents that support the diary entries. Command reports are the main sources for this volume; each consists of a detailed narrative, supporting documents, and, in many instances, maps, overlays, and photographs. All war diaries and command reports are now in the custody of the National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C. Classified secret when prepared, virtually all of them have since been declassified.
During the war, the joint Chiefs of Staff and Department of the Army communicated with the U.N. and Far East Commands mainly by radio. The National Archives and Records Administration keeps a complete file of the messages exchanged; some can be found in the supporting documents of the monthly UNC-FEC command reports. Messages the U.N. and Far East Commands exchanged with their subordinates in the field are in the Far East Command adjutant general's files, these also in the custody of the National Archives and Records Administration. Many of these messages can be found in the supporting documents of the UNG-FEC and Eighth Army command reports.
Of considerable usefulness were Eighth Army operational planning files. Most of them classified top secret at their origin, their contents did not become part of Eighth Army command reports, which by regulation could contain information classified no higher than secret. Now declassified, the planning files currently are kept by the National Archives and Records Administration.
As prescribed by Army regulations existing in 1950, small (three-man, later two-man) historical detachments were to be activated in times of war and deployed to combat theaters to help produce a record of military operations. Eight historical detachments served in Korea. For most of the war they were assigned to Eighth Army special troops and operated under the control of the
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Eighth Army historian. During the last months of the war they were consolidated as the 8086th Army Unit, a provisional organization of Army Forces, Far East, headquartered in Japan, and operated under the control of the historian of that command. Detachment reports, based mainly on interviews with participants, centered on small unit combat actions, combat support operations, and service support activities. The detachments also produced monographs on diverse subjectspersonnel problems, logistical problems, enemy tactics, among others-all of which, as indicated in footnotes, support numerous sections of this book. Originals of the detachment products are held by the National Archives and Records Administration. Microfilm copies are located in the Army Center of Military History.
Interviews and correspondence with key commanders and staff officers and personal accounts written by some of them provided important information available nowhere else. These transcripts, letters, and accounts are stored in the Army Center of Military History.
Secondary Sources
The following list is by no means complete but notes works that were of decided usefulness.
Books
Acheson, Dean. Present at the Creation. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1969.
Appleman, Roy E. South to the Naktong, North to the Yalu. UNITED STATES ARMY IN THE KOREAN WAR. Washington, 1961.
Barclay, C. N. The First Commonwealth Division. Aldershot: Gale & Polden Limited, 1954.
Cagle, Malcolm W., and Manson, Frank A. The Sea War in Korea. Annapolis: U.S. Naval Institute, 1957.
Chou Ching-wen. Ten Years of Storm. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960.
Collins, J. Lawton. War in Peacetime. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969.
Crahay, Albert. Les Belges En Coree, 1951-1955. Brussels: Imprimerie Medicale et Scientifique (S.A.), 1967.
Department of the Army. Handbook on the Chinese Communist Army, DA Pam 30-51. Washington, 1952.
Department of the Army. Handbook on the Chinese Communist Army, DA Pam 30-51. Washington, 1960.
Department of State. The Conflict in Korea. Washington, 1951.
Department of State. The Record on Korean Unification, 1943-1960. Washington, 1960.
Department of State. United States Policy in the Korean Conflict, July 1950-February 1951. Washington, 1951.
Department of State. United States Policy in the Korean Crisis. Washington, 1950.
Farrar-Hockley, Anthony. The Edge of the Sword. London: Frederick Muller Ltd., 1954.
Field, James A., Jr. History of U.S. Naval Operations: Korea. Washington, 1962.
Futrell, R. Frank. The United States Air Force in Korea, 1950-1953. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1961.
George, Alexander L. The Chinese Communist Army in Action. New York: Columbia University Press, 1967.
Gittings, John. The Role of the Chinese
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Army. New York: Oxford University Press, 1967.
Griffith, Samuel B.H. The Chinese People's Liberation Army. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1967.
Gugeler, Russell A. Combat Actions in Korea. Washington: Combat Forces Press, 1954.
Marshall, S. L. A. The River and the Gauntlet. New York: William Morrow & Co., 1953.
Montross, Lynn, and Canzona, Capt. Nicholas A. U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Vol. III. The Chosin Reservoir Campaign. Washington, 1957.
Montross, Lynn, Kuokka, Maj. Hubard D., and Hicks, Maj. Norman W. U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Vol. IV. The East-Central Front. Washington, 1962.
Rees, David. Korea: The Limited War. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1964.
Ridgway, Matthew B. The Korean War. Garden City: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1967.
Sawyer, Maj. Robert K. Military Advisors in Korea: KMAG in Peace and War. Washington, 1963.
Schnabel, James F. Policy and Direction: The First Year. UNITED STATES ARMY IN THE KOREAN WAR. Washington, 1972.
Tang Tsou. American Failure in China, 1941-1950. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1963.
Truman, Harry S. Memoirs: Years of Trial and Hope, Vol. II. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1956.
Whiting, Allen S. China Crosses the Yalu. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1960.
Wood, Herbert Fairlie. Strange Battleground. Ottawa: Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery, 1966.
ManuscriptRidgway, General Matthew B. The Korean War, Issues and Policies.
Causes of the Korean Tragedy ... Failure of Leadership, Intelligence and Preparation
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