The Foundation of Freedom is the Courage of Ordinary People
History On Line
"I believe we
need to read the lessons closely lest we
repeat, at inestimable cost, the mistakes for
which we paid so dear a
price."General Matthew B.
Ridgway on The Korean War (1967)
Leadership failure, haphazard
Disarmament, misguided Training objectives,
incorrect Intelligence assessments ... all
had disastrous consequences in the Korean
War. We risk the same mistakes today, as we
withdraw from the Middle East.
This site tries to document
the bitter lessons of that savage war through
complete documentary texts, thousands of
annotated combat photos, and discussions of
the weapons we fought with.
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CONTEMPORARY
ACCOUNTS
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SOUTH To
The Naktong, NORTH To The
Yalu |
Appleman includes
over 800 annotated photographs to
give poignant insights into his
detailed analysis of the fighting
during those desperate months after
North Korea's massive onslaught
on the South in June, 1950.
From that
murderous invasion, through our
initial crushing defeats and
eventual crushing victories,
until China's brilliant
ambush in September as our forces
drove towards the Yalu, Appleman
brings Fighting Divisions, Squads
and individual men to life by his
accounts of their savage battles
and almost-forgotten
sacrifices.
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EBB AND
FLOW |
Mossman's
moving account begins with the
vicious fighting upon China's
opening ambushes of 8th Army and
the Marines and 32nd RCT in the
Chosin Reservoir, and takes us
through subsequent battles until a
fairly stable resistance line could
be formed across entire South Korea
in July 1951. Over 130 annotated
combat photographs help bring the
warriors, and their ordeals and
sacrifices, to life once again.
The book
describes the strategic ebb and
flow of the battle lines, from
north of Pyongyang and across the
Taebaek Mountains to below the
South Korean capitol of Seoul,
and back north again until both
sides ground to near exhaustion.
As we study those events it
becomes clear that, by summer of
1951, our UN Armies were
defeating China and North Korea.
We had developed and demonstrated
the ability and resolve to meet
them man to man, and relentlessly
drive them north. Should no other
crisis develop, should Russia not
join in the fighting, or invade
Western Europe, or some other
unpredictable disaster occur, the
only uncertainty about the
outcome was the death and
suffering it would involve.
But ... what
would be the point? The US and
our UN allies had effectively
driven the North back across the
original borders. Our strategic
goals had been accomplished
however debatable any actual
victory. Further suffering seemed
futile.
So, for political
and rational considerations, the
war became static and Truce Talks
began. Mossman ends his account
at the beginning of this
period.
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TRUCE TENT
AND FIGHTING
FRONT |
The Truce Talks
took two desperately frustrating
and bloody years to finally bring
about a simple Cease Fire, which
still lasts today.
Hermes'
analysis of the specific
incidents and battles of those
months, seemingly endless at the
time, covers the last half of the
war. About half of the entire
military casualties of the war
occurred in this interval, and
Hermes uses about 100 historical
photos to help give an
understanding of the suffering
they entailed, while describing
the events of the final two
years, July 1951-July 1953
A meticulous, yet
fascinating, description of the
painful closure of one of the
most vicious wars in our
nation's history.
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THE KOREAN
WAR 1950-1953 |
The United States
Army Center of Military History
(CMH) Divides the Korean war into
its significant phases
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US NAVAL
OPERATIONS |
Field provides this
starting point for understanding
Our Navy's actions in the
Korean War.
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NO
SWEAT! |
Bud Farrell, B29
Gunner, provides insights into air
combat operations that faced the
MiGs as well as intense and
accurate triple A.
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KOREA
REMEMBERED |
Pears and
Kirkland's collection of Korean
War Reminiscences by fellow
Australian veterans.
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BATTLEFIELD
KOREA |
Pears has combined
individual combat accounts with
organized descriptions of the basis
of the Korean Battle Honors of the
Royal Australian Regiment
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ACCOUNTS OF
COMBAT ACTIONS |
After-Action
Reports ... The way it was. Army
analysis of the facts, and their
significance, behind bloody
small-unit combat.
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COMBAT
SUPPORT |
So you thought the
other guy had it easy?
Best check the
hazards, struggles and sufferings
of those who backed up the
fighting front.
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POLICY AND
DIRECTION: THE FIRST
YEAR |
Schnabel's
outstanding analysis of the initial
strategy of our first "Limited
War"
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USMC:
Warfighting
Manual |
Esprit de Corps
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Fire
Brigade |
US Marines in the
Pusan Perimeter
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PHOTO
HISTORY
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KOREAN WAR PHOTO
DOCUMENTARY |
This Documentary
brings to life the unnecessary
tragedy of the Korean War.
It is a
comprehensive Visual History,
organizing the War by its
strategic combat phases,
illustrating the struggles and
suffering and valor through over
a thousand annotated Combat
Photos and Maps.
Using thumbnails,
it gives a visual overview, with
each thumbnail linked to a page
describing the photo's
significance, usually including
still further visual insights and
personal accounts of the
particular events it
displays.
The effect is
compassionate insight into the
entire struggle, giving respect
and appreciation of the desperate
actions and sacrifices of the
ordinary people involved,
civilian as well as warriors, on
all sides.
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INFANTRY
WEAPONS |
Primarily to
minimize the possibility of
escalation into another World War,
both Communist and UN forces fought
the Korean War largely with surplus
World War II weapons. This site
outlines the infantry issue weapons
for both sides of the conflict.
Each Weapon is
linked to a page with photos and
specifications. Most of those
pages also include annotated
photos which show the weapons
deployed in combat, and include
many personal accounts by combat
veterans. In most cases, these
pages describe the weapon's
relation to other weapons,
usually with links to pages of
those other weapons showing how
they were deployed, their
strengths, and their
shortcomings.
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MEDAL OF HONOR
RECIPIENTS |
These honored few
Medal of Honor recipients are here
identified by name, a photo, and a
copy of their citation. This is
effected by a complete list page,
with each name linked to the
specific information for each
recipient.
Their commitment
to their comrades in arms, their
personal determination, their
often incredible heroism shine
forever through those terse,
unemotional official military
accounts.
Overall, the
United States military was not
prepared to fight the vicious
infantry war that was Korea. Our
political leaders had assumed the
existence of nuclear weapons
eliminated any effective
deployment of ground forces such
as was common before 1945. As a
result, the quality and resolve
of our fighting men varied
dramatically, primarily depending
on differences in their training
and their individual character.
Still, as always, there were
those special few who are always
prepared. And one other fact
should never be forgotten: Those
whose conduct was distinguished
by being awarded the Medal Of
Honor also represent their many
comrades in arms who sacrificed
themselves in obscurity.
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AUSSIE KOREAN WAR
PHOTO-DOCUMENTARY |
A wonderful,
organized collection of annotated
combat Photos and Personal
Histories of Aussie Korean War
Veterans
We, and South
Korea, were definitely not alone
in fighting for their freedom.
I've been privileged to use
this outstanding historical
collection to represent all our
other Allies. None will be other
than proud to be represented by
such fine fighting men.
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DIGGER! |
A good friend, Ron
Cashman, 3rd Btn, Royal Australian
Regiment, provided this pictorial
account of how it was to fight in
the Infantry in the Korean War.
Wounded three times and decorated
for gallantry, Ron's
Photo-Documentary of Two Years in
the Trenches lets the visitor
browse sequentially through the
battles, the rest areas, the
violence and the boredom and see
life and death as it actually was,
so long ago.
Not a collection
of old photos or tall tales, this
site includes many of Ron's
accounts of the battles he was
in, as he saw them. A
compassionate, intelligent human
being, Ron's work is
invaluable reading for anyone
wanting insight into the mind,
courage and ordeals of our finest
warriors. If you've ever been
there, you'll understand it
all.
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KOREAN WAR
TIME-LINE |
Organized by year,
key individuals and battles linked
to detailed accounts elsewhere,
this is a concise yet informative
sequential arrangement of the
principal events of the Korean War
with links that permit continuous
exploration of all related
actions.
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CASUALTY
LISTS |
A tabulation of US
Military Personnel who were killed
in action in the Korean war,
1950-1957. These casualties are
organized by a clickable map of the
states, and also
alphabetically.
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Golden
Bond
Souvenir
Nerds At
War |
Written as fiction,
based on fact, two Short Stories of
combat I wrote during the War, plus
an account of a day with an Air
Force AC&W Squadron as a
civilian radar tech. (Written in
our spoken language of the time,
you may wish to skip the short
stories.)
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Assault
From The Sea |
End around at
Inchon
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Before daylight on Sunday, June
25, 1950, Kim Il Sung, the North Korean
Premier, hurled eight veteran Infantry
divisions South across the 38th parallel.
Led by 120 Soviet T34 medium
tanks and extensive mobile artillery they
quickly crushed the valiant South Korean
defenders, and butchered their way down the
peninsula until stopped by United Nations
forces at the Pusan Perimeter.
General MacArthur
counter-attacked with our Marines at Inchon,
far behind North Korean lines, routed them,
and our Eighth Army struck back across the
parallel almost to the Yalu river and
China.
But, in November 1950, China
entered the war with a veteran army, already
victorious in one of the most decisive
battles in history at Huai-Hai, in 1949 during their
civil war. Our armies were ambushed and again
driven deep back into South Korea.
Many of the United Nations
fought at our side, for example the British
Commonwealth, France and Turkey. Our Chinese
enemy was skillful, brave and resourceful.
The cruel murder of countless civilians and
POWs will forever dishonor North Korea, but
overall both sides fought well and
courageously.
The battle-lines raged back
and forth, but by mid-1951 settled roughly
along the original Korean border, in about
the same positions the armies fought over for
the next two years until the Cease-Fire.
The extensive photographic,
technical and historical documentation
offered by this site attempts to cover those
events objectively, honestly, and in
comprehensive detail.
With respect to my comrades
in arms, whose gallantry and sacrifice so
long ago helped South Korea to be free today,
I offer this Site.
Bert Kortegaard,
2/19/2012
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